Oracle 1Z031学习笔记第二章

好不容易把第一章的笔记写完了,现在是第二章

Oracle server 起步本章的学习目标是

• Identify common database administration tools available to a DBA
• Identify the features of the Oracle Universal Installer
• Understand the benefits of Optimal Flexible Architecture
• Set up password file authentication
• List the main components of Oracle Enterprise Manager and their uses

了解常用的DBA管理工具

了解Oracle Universal Installer的特性

理解优化弹性架构的好处(OFA)

配置password file验证

列出OEM的主要组件和他们的用户

本章的内容应该是比较简单的,而且也是常用的工具就不一一详细解释了.

 

 

1 Database Administration Tools

      

   Oracle Universal  Installer (OUI)

   Oracle Database Configuration Assistant

   Password File Utility

   SQL*Plus

   Oracle Enterprise Manager

 

2 Oracle Universal Installer

  • Used to install, upgrade, or remove software components, and create a database
• Based on a Java engine
• Features include:
– Automatic dependency resolution
– Allows for Web-based installations
– Tracking inventory of component and suite installations
– Deinstallation of installed components
– Support for multiple Oracle homes
– Support for globalization technology

只有强调一点在unix环境下启动OUI

 $./runInstaller

 

无人值守安装

 $./runInstaller -responsefile myrespfile -silent

 

./runInstaller –responsefile FILENAME [-SILENT] [-NOWELCOME]
Where:
FILENAME : Identifies the response file
SILENT: Runs OUI in silent mode
NOWELCOME: Does not display the Welcome window. If you use
SILENT, this parameter is not necessary.

 

Sample Response File for Unix
[General]
RESPONSEFILE_VERSION=1.0.0.0.0
[Session]
UNIX_GROUP_NAME="dba"
FROM_LOCATION="/u01/stage/products.jar"
ORACLE_HOME="/u01/app/oracle/ora9i"
ORACLE_HOME_NAME="Ora9i"
TOPLEVEL_COMPONENT={"oracle.server", "9.0.1.0.0"}
SHOW_COMPONENT_LOCATIONS_PAGE=false
SHOW_SUMMARY_PAGE=false
SHOW_INSTALL_PROGRESS_PAGE=false
SHOW_REQUIRED_CONFIG_TOOL_PAGE=false
SHOW_OPTIONAL_CONFIG_TOOL_PAGE=false
SHOW_END_SESSION_PAGE=false
NEXT_SESSION=true
SHOW_SPLASH_SCREEN=true
SHOW_WELCOME_PAGE=false
SHOW_ROOTSH_CONFIRMATION=true
SHOW_EXIT_CONFIRMATION=true
INSTALL_TYPE="Typical”
s_GlobalDBName="u01.us.oracle.com"
s_mountPoint="/u01/app/oracle/ora9i/dbs"

s_dbSid="db09"
b_createDB=true

 

• The General section specifies the version number of the response file
• The Sessions section lists various dialogs of the Universal Installer. Some of the dialogs
include:
– FROM LOCATION specifies the location of the source of the products to be installed
– ORACLE_HOME, value for ORACLE_HOME
– ORACLE_HOME_NAME, value for ORACLE_HOME_NAME
– SHOW INSTALL PROGRESS is the install progress page that appears during the
install phase
– SHOW ROOTISH CONFIRMATION is set to true if the confirmation dialog to run
the root.sh script needs to be shown
– SHOW EXIT CONFIRMATION is set to true if the confirmation when exiting the
installer needs to be shown

具体到不同的操作系统,无人值守安装配置文件具体的写法见相关手册.

 

3 Oracle Database Configuration Assistant

 

  The Oracle Database Configuration Assistant allows you to:
• Create a database
• Configure database options
• Delete a database
• Manage templates

 DBCA的简单介绍

 

4  Optimal Flexible Architecture (OFA)

 

 • Oracle's recommended standard database architecture layout
 • OFA involves three major rules
– Establish a directory structure where any database file can be stored on any disk resource
– Separate objects with different behavior into different tablespaces
– Maximize database reliability and performance by separating database components across different disk resources

 

          Software

oracle_base
     /product

        /release_number

           /bin
           /dbs
           /rdbms
           /sqlplus
   /admin
     /inst_name
      /pfile

 

         Files

oradata/
    db01/
      system01.dbf
      control01.ctl
      redo0101.log
      ...
   db02/
      system01.dbf
      control01.ctl
      redo0101.log

      ...
上面是2个OFA的例子,OFA的好处

• Database files can be easily differentiated from other files
• It is easy to identify control files, redo log files, and data files
• Easier administration of multiple Oracle Homes on the same machine by separating
files on different disks and directories
• Better performance is achieved by decreasing disk contention among data files, binary
files, and administrative files which can now reside on separate directories and disks

 

5 Database Administrator Users
When a database is created the users SYS and
SYSTEM are created automatically and granted the
DBA role.

SYS
• Password: change_on_install
• Owner of the database data dictionary

SYSTEM
• Password: manager
• Owner of additional internal tables and views used by Oracle tools

 

SYS,SYSTEM的不同之处在sys是数据库data dictionary的所有者,system是Oracle工具使用的内部表和视图的所有者.