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目前很多企业单位正在构架自己的Intranet，FTP服务器是其中的一个服务支持，有很多单位购置了基于UNIX平台的计算机，为了在网上能够提供FTP服务支持，专门购置基于UNIX平台的FTP Server软件，其实在基于UNIX平台的计算机系统中，采取一定的技术方法，就可以建立自己的FTP Server，实现网上文件上下载服务，无须再购置专门的软件，和乐而不为之呢？下面就其建立过程阐述如下：
1. 确定FTP Server的共享目录 为FTP Server建立一个FTP工作目录，在此设定为/home/ftp
2. 编写FTP Server初始设置的Shell程序（setup） 用编辑工具（如vi）编写一个Shell程序，用于对系统进行设置。 #!/bin/sh case $# in 0) ftphome="`grep '^ftp:' /etc/passwd | cut -d: -f6`" ;; 1) if [ "$1" = "start" ]; then ftphome="`grep '^ftp:' /etc/passwd | cut -d: -f6`" else ftphome=$1 fi ;; *) echo "Usage: $0 [anon-ftp-root]" exit 1 ;; esac if [ -z "${ftphome}" ]; then echo "$0: ftphome must be non-null" exit 2 fi if [ "${ftphome}" = "/" -o "${ftphome}" = "/usr" ]; then echo "$0: ftphome must not be / or /usr" exit 2 fi if [ ! -d ${ftphome} ]; then mkdir ${ftphome} fi if [ ! -d ${ftphome}/usr/bin ]; then mkdir -p ${ftphome}/usr/bin fi cp /usr/bin/ls ${ftphome}/usr/bin chmod 111 ${ftphome}/usr/bin/ls chown root ${ftphome}/usr/bin chmod 555 ${ftphome}/usr/bin if [ -r ${ftphome}/bin ]; then mv -f ${ftphome}/bin ${ftphome}/Obin fi ln -s usr/bin ${ftphome} if [ ! -d ${ftphome}/usr/lib ]; then mkdir -p ${ftphome}/usr/lib fi if [ ! -d ${ftphome}/etc ]; then mkdir -p ${ftphome}/etc fi cp /usr/lib/ld.so /usr/lib/ld.so.1 ${ftphome}/usr/lib for lib in libc libdl libintl libw libnsl libsocket \ nss_nis nss_nisplus nss_dns nss_files do cp /usr/lib/${lib}.so.1 ${ftphome}/usr/lib rm -f ${ftphome}/usr/lib/${lib}.so ln -s ./${lib}.so.1 ${ftphome}/usr/lib/${lib}.so done cp /usr/lib/straddr.so.2 ${ftphome}/usr/lib
ln -s ./straddr.so.2 ${ftphome}/usr/lib/straddr.so cp /etc/passwd /etc/group /etc/netconfig ${ftphome}/etc chmod 555 ${ftphome}/usr/lib/* chmod 444 ${ftphome}/etc/* chown root ${ftphome}/usr/lib ${ftphome}/etc chmod 555 ${ftphome}/usr/lib ${ftphome}/etc if [ ! -d ${ftphome}/dev ]; then mkdir -p ${ftphome}/dev fi prefix="/devices/pseudo/mm@0:" for device in zero do line=`ls -l ${prefix}${device} | sed -e 's/,//'` major=`echo $line | awk '{print $5}'` minor=`echo $line | awk '{print $6}'` rm -f ${ftphome}/dev/${device} mknod ${ftphome}/dev/${device} c ${major} ${minor} done prefix="/devices/pseudo/clone@0:" for device in tcp udp ticotsord do line=`ls -l ${prefix}${device} | sed -e 's/,//'` major=`echo $line | awk '{print $5}'` minor=`echo $line | awk '{print $6}'` rm -f ${ftphome}/dev/${device} mknod ${ftphome}/dev/${device} c ${major} ${minor} done chmod 666 ${ftphome}/dev/* chown root ${ftphome}/dev chmod 555 ${ftphome}/dev #建立一个匿名FTP服务目录，并设立可读可写属性 if [ ! -d ${ftphome}/pub ]; then mkdir -p ${ftphome}/pub fi chown ftp ${ftphome}/pub chmod 777 ${ftphome}/pub
3. 编辑/etc/passwd和/etc/shadow文件 设置匿名FTP帐号，按下面方法分别对/etc/passwd和/etc/shadow两个文件中增加如下数据项： （1）在/etc/passwd文件中增加 ftp:x:30000:30000:Anonymous FTP:/home/ftp:/nosuchshell （2）在/etc/shadow文件中增加 ftp:NP:6445::::::
4. 运行setup程序 在运行setup程序之前，将该文件设置成执行文件 #chmod +x setup 运行setup程序 #setup /home/ftp 以上步骤就完成了FTP服务器的建立，即可使用FTP服务器，可以用如explorer、netscape navigator等浏览器对FTP服务器进行访问，进行下载和上载文件操作，使用非常方便。 |
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