一、相关信息：
1、 说明：
xinetd取代了inetd＋tcp_wrappers，并且提供了访问控制、加强的日志和资源管理功能，已经成了Internet标准超级守护进程。但是现在还没有在solaris上的完整安装配置手册，我希望写一个关于在solaris上的傻瓜安装配置手册。
2、 基本信息
服务器基本信息：Sun-Fire-280R
操作系统：SunOS 5.8 Generic_117350-02
3、 Xinetd软件信息
软件版本：2.3.10
下载地址：
ftp://ftp.sunfreeware.com/pub/freeware/sparc/8/xinetd-2.3.10-sol8-sparc-local.gz
软件包说明：该软件包已经添加了--with-libwrap、--with-loadavg、--with-inet6编译模块选项。
4、 系统默认使用xinetd的服务可以分为如下几类：
标准internet服务：telnet ftp
信息服务：finger netstat systat
邮件服务：imap imaps pop2 pop3 pops
RPC服务：rquotad rstatd rusersd sprayd walld
BSD服务：comsat exec login ntalk shell talk
内部服务：chargen daytime echo servers services time
安全服务：irc
其他服务：name tftp uucp
5、 更多支持信息：
http://www.xinetd.org/
二、安装配置xinetd
1、安装过程
1）＃gzip –d xinetd-2.3.10-sol8-sparc-local.gz
2）＃pkgadd –d xinetd-2.3.10-sol8-sparc-local
没有报错的话，安装完毕。
2、xinetd软件安装后的基本信息
1）文档位置：/usr/local/doc/xinetd
里面有安装说明和配置文件文档。
2）命令位置：/usr/local/sbin/
Xinetd、xconv.pl、itox
3、配置过程：
说明：配置主要涉及俩个文件：/etc/init.d/inetsvc（需要修改）和/etc/xinetd.conf（需要生成）
1）生成/etc/xinetd.conf文件：
a) 说明：/etc/xinetd.conf这个文件是由/etc/inetd.conf文件转换生成的！主要是xinetd替代inetd以后的配置文件
b) 生成命令：
# /usr/local/sbin/xconv.pl < /etc/inetd.conf > /etc/xinetd.conf
c) 注意：
在/etc/inetd.conf里面可以事先去掉不必要的端口，如finger、login等，在/etc/xinetd.conf可以得到比较简洁的配置文。（我在转换前在/etc/inetd.conf文件里只保留了telnet和ftp）需要别的服务如ssh等可以自己添加。
2）修改/etc/init.d/inetsvc文件：
主要有俩个地方需要修改：
a) 修改一：（建议注释掉旧的配置，添加新的配置）
修改前：/usr/bin/pkill -x -u 0 'in.named|inetd'
修改后：/usr/bin/pkill -x -u 0 'in.named|xinetd'
b) 修改二：
修改前/usr/sbin/inetd -s &
修改后：/usr/local/sbin/xinetd -s &
3）测试：
停止原来的服务：# /etc/init.d/inetsvc stop
启动新的服务：# /etc/init.d/inetsvc start
检查进程：#ps –ef|grep inetd
杀掉得到的进程号：#kill -9 ***
查看xinetd的进程：#ps –ef|grep xinetd
显示如下xinetd配置正常：
root 158 1 0 15:41:50 ? 0:00 /usr/local/sbin/xinetd –s
备注：
Xinetd启动过程有问题，一般是/etc/xinetd.conf配置文件的原因。
三、用xinetd限制ssh登陆配置过程：
1、测试方法：
1）编辑/etc/xinetd.conf：
添加如下：
service ssh
{
socket_type = stream
wait = no
user = root
server = /usr/local/sbin/sshd
port = 22
server_args = -i
only_from = 192.0.0.109
}
2、测试过程：
重新启动机器，查看xinetd加载是否正常。
从内网192.0.0.109 ssh登陆服务器可以登陆为正常。
别的IP ssh登陆服务器不可以登陆为正常。
3、注意：
SSH安装以后，不用在/etc/rc2.d下面添加S99sshd，因为xinetd已经可以启动ssh进程了。否则达不到限制ip的作用。
四、备注：
安装完成以后服务器状态：
＃nmap -P0 127.0.0.1
22/tcp open ssh
只留了ssh端口，而且可以限制ssh登陆的IP地址为：内网的192.0.0.109
－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－
完整的/etc/init.d/inetsvc文件：
# more /etc/init.d/inetsvc
#!/sbin/sh
#
# Copyright (c) 1995, 1997-1999 by Sun Microsystems, Inc.
# All rights reserved.
#
#ident "@(#)inetsvc 1.24 99/03/21 SMI"
#
# This is third phase of TCP/IP startup/configuration. This script
# runs after the NIS/NIS+ startup script. We run things here that may
# depend on NIS/NIS+ maps.
#
case "$1" in
'start')
;; # Fall through -- rest of script is the initialization code
'stop')
# /usr/bin/pkill -x -u 0 'in.named|inetd'
/usr/bin/pkill -x -u 0 'in.named|xinetd'
exit 0
;;
*)
echo "Usage: $0 { start | stop }"
exit 1
;;
esac
# If boot variables are not set, set variables we use
[ -z "$_INIT_UTS_NODENAME" ] && _INIT_UTS_NODENAME=`/usr/bin/uname -n`
if [ -z "$_INIT_PREV_LEVEL" ]; then
set -- `/usr/bin/who -r`
_INIT_PREV_LEVEL="$9"
fi
#
# wait_nis
# Wait up to 5 seconds for ypbind to obtain a binding.
#
wait_nis ()
{
for i in 1 2 3 4 5; do
server=`/usr/bin/ypwhich 2>/dev/null`
[ $? -eq 0 -a -n "$server" ] && return 0 || sleep 1
done
return 1
}
#
# We now need to reset the netmask and broadcast address for our network
# interfaces. Since this may result in a name service lookup, we want to
# now wait for NIS to come up if we previously started it.
#
domain=`/usr/bin/domainname 2>/dev/null`
[ -z "$domain" ] || [ ! -d /var/yp/binding/$domain ] || wait_nis || \
echo "WARNING: Timed out waiting for NIS to come up" >& 2
#
# Re-set the netmask and broadcast addr for all IP interfaces. This ifconfig
# is run here, after waiting for name services, so that "netmask +" will find
# the netmask if it lives in a NIS map. The 'D' in -auD tells ifconfig NOT to
# mess with the interface if it is under DHCP control
#
/usr/sbin/ifconfig -auD4 netmask + broadcast +
# Uncomment these lines to print complete network interface configuration
# echo "network interface configuration:"
# /usr/sbin/ifconfig -a
#
# If this machine is configured to be an Internet Domain Name System (DNS)
# server, run the name daemon. Start named prior to: route add net host,
# to avoid dns gethostbyname timout delay for nameserver during boot.
#
if [ -f /usr/sbin/in.named -a -f /etc/named.conf ]; then
echo 'starting internet domain name server.'
/usr/sbin/in.named &
fi
if [ "$_INIT_NET_STRATEGY" = "dhcp" ]; then
dnsdomain=`/sbin/dhcpinfo DNSdmain`
else
dnsdomain=
fi
if [ -n "$dnsdomain" ]; then
dnsservers=`/sbin/dhcpinfo DNSserv`
if [ -n "$dnsservers" ]; then
if [ -f /etc/resolv.conf ]; then
/usr/bin/rm -f /tmp/resolv.conf.$$
/usr/bin/sed -e '/^domain/d' -e '/^nameserver/d' \
/etc/resolv.conf >/tmp/resolv.conf.$$
fi
echo "domain $dnsdomain" >>/tmp/resolv.conf.$$
for name in $dnsservers; do
echo nameserver $name >>/tmp/resolv.conf.$$
done
else
if [ -f /etc/resolv.conf ]; then
/usr/bin/rm -f /tmp/resolv.conf.$$
/usr/bin/sed -e '/^domain/d' /etc/resolv.conf \
>/tmp/resolv.conf.$$
fi
echo "domain $dnsdomain" >>/tmp/resolv.conf.$$
fi
#
# Warning: The umask is 000 during boot, which requires explicit
# setting of file permission modes when we create files.
#
/usr/bin/mv /tmp/resolv.conf.$$ /etc/resolv.conf
/usr/bin/chmod 644 /etc/resolv.conf
# Add dns to the nsswitch file, if it isn't already there.
/usr/bin/rm -f /tmp/nsswitch.conf.$$
/usr/bin/awk ' $1 ~ /^hosts:/ {
n = split($0, a);
newl = a[1];
if ($0 !~ /dns/) {
printf("#%s # Commented out by DHCP\n", $0);
updated = 0;
for (i = 2; i <= n; i++) {
if (updated == 0 && index(a[i], "[") == 1) {
newl = newl" dns";
updated++;
}
newl = newl" "a[i];
}
if (updated == 0) {
newl = newl" dns";
updated++;
}
if (updated != 0)
newl = newl" # Added by DHCP";
else
newl = $0;
printf("%s\n", newl);
} else
printf("%s\n", $0);
} $1 !~ /^hosts:/ { printf("%s\n", $0); }' /etc/nsswitch.conf \
>/tmp/nsswitch.conf.$$
/usr/bin/mv /tmp/nsswitch.conf.$$ /etc/nsswitch.conf
/usr/bin/chmod 644 /etc/nsswitch.conf
elif grep '# Added by DHCP$' /etc/nsswitch.conf >/dev/null 2>&1; then
# If we added DNS to a hosts line in the nsswitch, remove it.
/usr/bin/rm -f /tmp/nsswitch.conf.$$
/usr/bin/sed \
-e '/# Added by DHCP$/d' \
-e 's/^\(#hosts:\)\(.*[^#]\)\(#.*\)$/hosts: \2/' \
/etc/nsswitch.conf >/tmp/nsswitch.conf.$$
/usr/bin/mv /tmp/nsswitch.conf.$$ /etc/nsswitch.conf
/usr/bin/chmod 644 /etc/nsswitch.conf
fi
if [ "$_INIT_NET_STRATEGY" = "dhcp" ]; then
#
# if DHCP doesn't return a hostname, use "unknown" so
# client can resolve IP address into a local hostname.
#
hostname=`/sbin/dhcpinfo Hostname`
if [ -z "$hostname" ]; then
hostname="unknown"
fi
ipaddr=`/sbin/dhcpinfo Yiaddr`
/usr/bin/rm -f /tmp/hosts.$$ /tmp/hosts_clear.$$
# Delete any old lines added by dhcp.
/usr/bin/sed -e '/# Added by DHCP$/d' /etc/inet/hosts \
> /tmp/hosts_clear.$$
shift $# # Clear $0-9 first in case grep fails
set -- `/usr/bin/grep "^[ ]*$ipaddr[ ]" \
/tmp/hosts_clear.$$ 2>/dev/null`
if [ $# -gt 0 ]; then
#
# IP address is already in the hosts file. Ensure the
# associated hostname is the same as the Hostname
# property returned by the DHCP server.
#
/usr/bin/sed -e "/^[ ]*${ipaddr}[ ]/s/${2}/${hostname}/" \
/tmp/hosts_clear.$$ >/tmp/hosts.$$
else
#
# IP address is missing from the hosts file. Now check
# to see if the hostname is present with a different IP.
#
shift $# # Clear $0-9 in case grep fails
set -- `/usr/bin/grep -s -v '^#' /tmp/hosts_clear.$$ | \
/usr/bin/egrep "[ ]${hostname}([ ]|$)"`
if [ $# -gt 0 ]; then
#
# Hostname is present in the hosts file. Rewrite this
# line to have the new IP address and the DHCP comment.
#
/usr/bin/sed -e "/^[ ]*${1}[ ]/d" \
/tmp/hosts_clear.$$ >/tmp/hosts.$$
shift # Shift off $1 (the old IP)
echo "$ipaddr $*\c" | /usr/bin/tr ' ' '\t' \
>>/tmp/hosts.$$
echo "\t# Added by DHCP" >>/tmp/hosts.$$
else
#
# Hostname is not present in the hosts file.
# Add a new line for the host at the end of
# the new hosts file.
#
/usr/bin/mv /tmp/hosts_clear.$$ /tmp/hosts.$$
echo "${ipaddr}\t${hostname}\t# Added by DHCP" \
>>/tmp/hosts.$$
fi
fi
# Update loopback transport hosts files
for inet in /etc/net/*/hosts; do
echo "# RPC hosts" > $inet
echo "$hostname\t$hostname" >> $inet
/usr/bin/chmod 644 $inet
done
/usr/bin/rm -f /tmp/hosts_clear.$$
/usr/bin/mv /tmp/hosts.$$ /etc/inet/hosts
/usr/bin/chmod 644 /etc/inet/hosts
fi
#
# Add a static route for multicast packets out our default interface.
# The default interface is the interface that corresponds to the node name.
# Run in background subshell to avoid waiting for name service.
#
(
if [ "$_INIT_NET_STRATEGY" = "dhcp" ]; then
mcastif=`/sbin/dhcpinfo Yiaddr` || mcastif=$_INIT_UTS_NODENAME
else
mcastif=$_INIT_UTS_NODENAME
fi
echo "Setting default IPv4 interface for multicast:" \
"add net 224.0/4: gateway $mcastif"
/usr/sbin/route -n add -interface "224.0/4" "$mcastif" >/dev/null
) &
#
# Run inetd in "standalone" mode (-s flag) so that it doesn't have
# to submit to the will of SAF. Why did we ever let them change inetd?
#
#/usr/sbin/inetd -s &
/usr/local/sbin/xinetd -s &
完整的/etc/xinetd.conf文件：
# more /etc/xinetd.conf
# This file generated by xconv.pl, included with the xinetd
# package. xconv.pl was written by Rob Braun (bbraun@synack.net)
#
# The file is merely a translation of your inetd.conf file into
# the equivalent in xinetd.conf syntax. xinetd has many
# features that may not be taken advantage of with this translation.
# Please refer to the xinetd.conf man page for more information
# on how to properly configure xinetd.
# The defaults section sets some information for all services
defaults
{
#The maximum number of requests a particular service may handle
# at once.
instances = 25
# The type of logging. This logs to a file that is specified.
# Another option is: SYSLOG syslog_facility [syslog_level]
log_type = FILE /var/log/servicelog
# What to log when the connection succeeds.
# PID logs the pid of the server processing the request.
# HOST logs the remote host's ip address.
# USERID logs the remote user (using RFC 1413)
# EXIT logs the exit status of the server.
# DURATION logs the duration of the session.
log_on_success = HOST PID
# What to log when the connection fails. Same options as above
log_on_failure = HOST RECORD
# The maximum number of connections a specific IP address can
# have to a specific service.
per_source = 5
}
#service ftp
{
flags = NAMEINARGS
socket_type = stream
protocol = tcp
wait = no
user = root
server = /usr/local/bin/tcpd
server_args = in.ftpd
}
#service telnet
{
flags = NAMEINARGS
socket_type = stream
protocol = tcp
wait = no
user = root
server = /usr/local/bin/tcpd
server_args = in.telnetd
}
service ssh
{
socket_type = stream
wait = no
user = root
server = /usr/local/sbin/sshd
port = 22
server_args = -i
only_from = 192.0.0.109
}
#
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